Family A Tough Bond To Break :: essays research papers fc

Family A tough Bond to BreakMany wise pholosophers say that tho 7 stories exist in the world as we know it. The struggle of good versus evil, finding true love, and the rise and f each of classic people lay down been written about since the discovery of pen and paper. One theme that stands out in Homers epic, The Odyssey, is the desperation to keep a family together. Odysseus, Telemacus, and Penelope all suffer hardships trying to keep the tight bond their family has, as close as possible.Odysseus is determined he will return to his wife and newborn tidings after the war of Troy was won. Many trials and tribulations are presented to Odysseus on his journey home. Polyphemus, the Cyclops, tries to detain the hero from returning to his home of Ithaca. Poseidons son failed and ended up being blinded (Milch p. 29). Odysseus was also tempted by Calypso. The nymph-goddess offered to make him immortal if he would just anticipate with her on the island for ever. Odysseus refused and sta rted his epic journey to Ithaca once again. Odysseus is told to visit Teiresias in Hades to find a way to make it back to Penelope and Telemacus. He must venture to the land of the dead (Rieu p 160). The only important thing in Odysseus life is returning to his family in Ithaca.Having the same feelings his father possesses, Telemacus only desires are to keep his mother from marrying one of the many suitors and acquiring familiarity of his father. He must do this because he knows that if his father is dead, he must return to Ithica to fight the suitors alone (and eventually be killed). His other choice is to stay away from Ithica all together and lose the respect of his people and do harm to his fathers name. To do this, Telemacus sets out on a journey of his own. He first off decides to visit his fathers friend, Nestor, first (Rieu, p. 30-44). Nestor tells of his fathers great deeds. After leaving Nestors palace, Telemacus visits Menelaus. He is visiting these great men to find ou t about his father. Since Telemacus was only an infant when his father set out to fight at Troy, he really does not remember him. By hearing stories about the great acts his father committed, he feels that he knows him better. This brings new feelings about is father.

Designated Hitter Essays -- essays research papers

Designated HitterDo you prefer a bases loaded copy that clears the bases and involves an exciting play at home plate? Or a boring three-run homerun where the base runners trot around the bases, while the defense stands around with brumous looks on their faces? Do you prefer stolen bases, squeeze plays, and trying to move the base runners to make something happen as opposed to a team waiting for soul to hit a homerun? If you answered yes then consider yourself a fan of small ball. The characteristic of a Designated Hitter is the major difference between Major alliance Baseballs two leagues The American unite and the National League. The American League has many advantages because it uses a designated hitter. A Designated Hitter is a position faker who hits for the pitcher but does not play in the field. This was an experiment started by Major League Baseball in 1973 (Wikipedia). In an effort to stop declining attending and to boost offensive production and thus make the plot more interesting for fans. This changed the game in many ways. The overall production of the American League offensive statistics has increased. Homeruns, runs batted in, and slugging percentages are all on the rise. The American League has the advantage of getting to replace the pitcher, and add a power hitter into the lineup. This increases the excitement of the game for fans. Average baseball fans can tell you that the weakest hit...

How To Get To School Without Saying The F Word :: essays research papers

Ingre expirents Yourself and the city of New YorkPlease Dont scream too loud at the sunlight piercing your protesting eyes, torn from the throes of a bring out in Rome. Monotonously say, Yes Mom, to the screaming she-devil dragging you out of bed. Place your feet on the coldness floor and yelp. Scramble for your floppies make sure theyre under the bed. No other place will do. You will now be forced to grope underneath the bed for this necessary accessory. Make sure your hand encounters something cold and slimy that you cant identify. But please DONT SAY THE F WORD. Remember, Mom is watching.Remove your hand, wipe on tissue and late make your way to the bathroom. Make sure it is occupied hopefully by your brother but if he is not available, your sister will do. If it is your father, go back to your room and wait for either sibling. Once your brother or sister is in the bathroom, bang on the door at least twice. Repeat if desired. withdraw them stay inside for another five minute s, pace the hallway in impatience and wish to be an only child. You may also wish to die but this is quite drastic and not necessary. Once the occupant leaves the bathroom, glare at them angrily and then stalk inside. Jump into the shower, turn the wrong honcho so that cold water pours over your face. But please DONT SAY THE F WORD. Someone might be standing dependable outside. Make sure your shower is just long enough so that you have to skip breakfast. Emerge from your shower, don a towel and stare at yourself in the mirror. Complain about your looks, wallow in self-pity and begin to cry hysterically. Stop crying. Stare at yourself in the mirror, analyze your face. Say, It could be worse. Blame the media for your insecurities, and guard yourself a pep talk. Try to brush your teeth without incident. Whistle a little, be happy. Dont trip on the way out the bathroom. Tip-toe on the cold, hard floor to your room where your little sister lies in ambush in the corner . She will dart out screaming and scare you to death, them contribute shrieking down the hallway. Please DONT SAY THE F WORD Her young, impressionable mind does not need the profanity. Quickly grab the premiere T-shirt and jeans you find in the Everest of piles that is your clothing.

biodiversity Essay -- essays research papers

"BIODIVERSITY"     Biodiversity, as defined by E.O. Wilson, "is meant to be all inclusive-its the genetic based variation of living organisms at all levels, from thevariety of genes in populations of single species, through species, on up to thearray of natural ecosystems." This includes plants, animals, insects, fungi,bacteria, and all microorganisms. All of these things create what is known as aweb. These things interact with each early(a) in some way there for they depend onone another throughout their lifetime. There are many separate ways in which wecan study biodiversity. These ways include, genetic, species, community,ecosystem, and taxonomic diversity. Biodiversity can be best number of speciesin a given area, or scientifically, "species richness."     Today there is a biodiversity crisis facing us. This is caused chief(prenominal)lyby the destruction of habitats. This dramatically increases the rate at whichs pecies decrease in number and become extinct. It is appalling to know that weare the main cause of this. Over fishing, pollution, over cutting, and anincrease in population contribute to this problem. An example of this is thegold mining operation that we saw in the video. While mining, quicksilver wasdripping into the water. The mercury then got into the fish and into the humanswho ate the fish.     Biodiversity promotes a healthy environment. Environments...

Whose Shoes Would You Choose? A Comparison of Shakespeare and John Mayer :: Free Essays Online

Whose Shoes Would You Choose? A Comparison of Shakespeare and John Mayer My love is strengthend though more weak in seemingI love not little, though less the show appear 1. These first two lines of Shakespeares sonnet 102 uphold with an aspect of love he does not usually touch on relationships, or more specifically, the idea of a serious, committed relationship. The relationship he speaks of isnt a blossoming romance, but a relationship that has reached the sometimes dreaded comfort zone. A very similar idea is approached in John Mayers Comfortable, in which the singer longs for the comfort of a past love. In these pieces, the two respective writers discuss the advantages to a relationship in this stage, and how sometimes its better than a bran-newer love. wherefore wouldnt these writers prefer those newer stage of love, when everything is bright and perfect and new? In the newer stages, serious conflicts have not arisen and a persons flaws and quirks havent re ally had a chance to surface yet, so wouldnt you tend to same the person more? Maybe not.2. This idea could perhaps be compared to buying shoes. Theres a certain level of excitement with buying new shoes. Theyre all shiny and clean, and its a thrill every time you put them on. You cant wait to show them off, to wear them with everything. They become your favorites. And then, after a few months of tiring them, they get more broken in, and while you may not be so quick to show them off, and they may be a little dirtier and less shiny, theyre even more special to you, because these shoes have been places with you and have withstood many miles of walking, jumping, running, whatever. They make your feet feel good, and that makes you feel good, and so months later, youre even more thrilled at your good fortune of finding this outstanding pair of shoes. The same is true for the relationships described in these two pieces. Shakespeare describes a love that has grown ripe like the summer. In the beginning, he and his lover were quick to show off their love for each other, and revel in the newness of everything. This is common in new loves the two knobbed spend every possible minute together, and are constantly singing the praises of each other to other people.

Whose Shoes Would You Choose? A Comparison of Shakespeare and John Mayer :: Free Essays Online

Whose Shoes Would You Choose? A Comparison of Shakespe atomic number 18 and John Mayer My love is strengthend though more weak in seemingI love not less, though less the utter appear 1. These first two lines of Shakespeares sonnet 102 deal with an aspect of love he does not ordinarily touch on relationships, or more specifically, the idea of a serious, committed relationship. The relationship he speaks of isnt a blossoming romance, but a relationship that has reached the sometimes dreaded comfort zone. A very similar idea is approached in John Mayers Comfortable, in which the singer longs for the comfort of a past love. In these pieces, the two respective writers discuss the advantages to a relationship in this stage, and how sometimes its better than a sweeter love. Why wouldnt these writers prefer those newer stage of love, when eachthing is bright and perfect and new? In the newer stages, serious conflicts hit not arisen and a persons flaws and quirks haven t really had a chance to surface yet, so wouldnt you tend to like the person more? perchance not.2. This idea could perhaps be compared to buying shoes. Theres a certain level of excitement with buying new shoes. Theyre all shiny and clean, and its a thrill every time you put them on. You cant wait to show them off, to wear them with everything. They become your favorites. And then, after a few months of wearing them, they get more broken in, and while you whitethorn not be so quick to show them off, and they may be a little dirtier and less shiny, theyre even more special to you, because these shoes have been places with you and have withstood many miles of walking, jumping, running, whatever. They make your feet feel good, and that makes you feel good, and so months later, youre even more thrilled at your good fortune of finding this outstanding duplicate of shoes. The same is true for the relationships described in these two pieces. Shakespeare describes a love that has grown ripe like the summer. In the beginning, he and his lover were quick to show off their love for each other, and revel in the newness of everything. This is common in new loves the two involved spend every possible minute together, and are constantly singing the praises of each other to other people.

Deconstruction in J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace

Being a post-colonial text, J. M. Coetzees dismantle is a multi-layered narrative of deconstruction- from the language, the quotations and their values, the setting and the context. Deconstruction is a strategy employed by J. M. Coetzee to founder and critique the effects of colonialism within the South African post-apartheid context. After the removal of the apartheid system that has hounded South Africa for the longest time, one would expect a complete turnround in values, beliefs and practice amongst the people and the community-both rural and urban.Coetzee subverts this expectation by depicting a post-apartheid life and existence that is still, in the metaphorical sense, imprisoned and clinging to the misery and antiquity of the colonial past. David Lurie, the lead character and the narrator in the literary text is a man who has drunk and gobbled many of lifes bitter disappointments- from his unrealised teaching days in a university turned technical college to his demotion as a caretaker of terminally ill animals in his daughters farm.Coetzee deconstructs Davids character by portraying him as a man still shackled from his own vices and values as well as from the old world that package and created him instead of a free, happy man in a post-apartheid environ(ment). On another level, Davids character undergoes deconstruction by being depicted as a Caucasian South African male in a time and place (post-apartheid) where the whites do hold as much power as they once used to. In terms of language, Coetzees prose is anti-realist. Truth and meaning in his narrative are not laid bare explicitly it is cover and laced with undertones, symbols and irony.The novel also deconstructs the romantic pastoral prototype of the farm novel tradition done its portrayal of a lonely and desolate farm, and through the narrator Magda, a lonely spinster suffocated by an environment of intellectual and spiritual drought (Subverting the pastoral the transcendence of space and pla ce in J. M. Coetzees Disgrace 2006). Coetzee transforms the farm which often conjures up an image of one that is idyllic and laidback into a setting that is marred with unhappiness and disillusionment.

Abnormal Psychology in the Media Essay

The film A Beautiful oral sex (Grazer, 2001) tells of the true life of potty Nash, a Nobel Prize winner who has struggled the majority of his life with paranoid schizophrenic disorder. This probe will evaluate whoremonger Nashs exhibited doingss, and how therapists from the 5 panoramas of abnormal psychology would have treated his illness.At the beginning of the movie A beautiful Mind (Grazer, 2001), stern Nash is moving into a dorm room at Princeton University in 1947. John Nash appears slightly strange by exhibiting social withdrawal by avoiding people, along with a drop in school performance as he does not attend his classes. Soon visual hallucinations become app bent as Charles his roomie makes appearances with his niece Marcie throughout the movie, along with Parcher, the head of the Department of Defense, who appears later in the movie as John Nashs hallucinations become worse. John Nash begins to believe that he is busy by the Department of Defense, deciphering secret codes from the Soviets. As Johns hallucinations peak, he is admitted to a mental hospital under the care of Dr. Rosen, who diagnoses him with advanced schizophrenia. During the hospital stay, John received Thorazine injections, rendering him unconscious.John is seen during his stay at the hospital restrained to a chair, as well as a bed. During the time that he is restrained to a bed, fasten Rosen is seen administering insulin injections, resulting in seizure activity as Johns wife is viewing the procedure through a window. Doctor Rosen tells Johns wife, Alicia that John must have insulin therapy several times a week in order to get well. Once John has returned home, he is seen winning devil pink tablets several times a day. John appears to be keeping to himself whiletrying to deal with the effects of his medication he decides to stop taking it without anyone knowing. Soon Alicia discovers that John is again having hallucinations of working for the department of defense requirin g John to return to Doctor Rosen.After John resumes his medications, he begins to realize that Charles, Marcie and Parcher are not real. John goes to his friend Martin, who is in charge of the math department at Princeton University, asking for permission to sit in classes in order for him to get rear end into society which results in John gaining a teaching position after learning to deal with his illness by ignoring his hallucinations. The five perspectives of abnormal psychology are biological, psychodynamic, humanitarian, cognitive, and sociocultural. The biological model of abnormal psychology focuses on genetics, neurotransmitters, brain channels, and other physical factors (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012 Pg. 23). Treatment through this model would begin with a diagnostic wonder along with images of the brain structure from an MRI (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 25).After these evaluations, a therapist would decide on the give-and-take necessary to treat the disorder such as therapy, social training skills, vocational rehabilitation, and medications. John Nash would possibly be given dopamine which generally has antipsychotic effects easing the symptoms of schizophrenia (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 25) and therapy. According to capital of Minnesota McLeod (2007) the biological approach believes that most behavior is inherited and has an adaptive function. Biological factors such as hormones, chromosomes, and the brain have significant influence on behavior, in the case of John Hall having schizophrenia biological psychologists believe that levels of dopamine are the cause (Pg. 6).The psychodynamic model of abnormal psychology focuses on internal reputation characteristics (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 25). Treatments from this perspective would begin with a therapist exploring the patients past for unresolved conflicts (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 30). Other treatments would be the use of free association, or dream analy sis (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 31). In John Nashs circumstance, the psychodynamic model therapist would be looking into his past for the answer to his hallucinations. According to Laura Saunders (2011) the goal of the psychodynamic model therapist is to enable the patient to gain gravel to their repressed ideas and conflicts encouraging them to face up to whateveremerges from their unconscious (Pg. 1).The human-centered model of abnormal psychology focuses on personal growth, choice, and responsibility (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 23), that Assumes the persons behavior is determined by perceptions of themselves and others (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 33). The humanistic models treatment begins with qualitative assessments to find out the unique characteristics of the client, and their perceptions of the world. The therapist will then engage the client in conversations so that the client can develop solutions to their problems (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 20 12, Pg. 34).Treating John Nash with this type of therapy would include conversations about his hallucinations in order for him to develop his own solutions. According to Kendra Cherry (2013) therapists from the humanistic model of abnormal psychology are focused on the individuals potential and stress the importance of growth and self-actualization. The fundamental belief of the humanistic model is that people are innately good and that mental and social problems result from deviations from natural tendency (Pg. 1).The cognitive-behavioral model of abnormal psychology focuses on peculiar(prenominal) thoughts and learning experiences (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 23). Treatment from the cognitive-behavioral model would include a functional analysis, evaluating antecedents and consequences of behavior, followed by cognitive-behavioral therapy to change patterns of thinking and behaviors that are contributing to the patients problems (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 38), an d exposure treatment, which involves directly confronting the patients problem, or tokenish economy, which reinforces certain behaviors with rewards (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 39), which John Nash, would possible be involved in, earning points for positive behaviors, and attending therapy.According to Jean Galica (2013), the cognitive behavioral model is an approach designed to change mental images, thoughts and thought patterns in order to help the patient overcome emotional and behavioral problems. This model is establish upon a theory that behaviors and emotions are caused in part by cognitions and cognitive processes that the patient can learn to change (Pg. 3). The sociocultural model of abnormal psychology focuses on external environmental events and includes the family systems perspective (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 23). Therapy within this model would consist of an assessment of the patients culture, familystructure, dynamics, and environment in order to understand the persons mental health (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 44).As therapists from this model focus on addressing the patients problems in order to decrease or prevent stress, along with having family and couples therapy in order to include multiple family members into the therapy (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 44). Within this model, John Hall would have attended both individual therapy as well as couples therapy with his wife. According to Sheila Grant (N.D.) therapists from the sociocultural model believe that abnormal behavior may be found in the failures of society rather than from within the person, and that psychological problems can be rooted in requiring the therapist to look wakeless within the persons relationships and social life (Pg. 7).This writer feels that the biological method of abnormal psychology is the best to treat John Nashs schizophrenia since it focuses on genetics, neurotransmitters, brain changes, and other physical factors (Kearney, C ., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 23). Along with the fact that treatment begins with a diagnostic interview containing MRI brain images (Kearney, C., & Trull, T., 2012, Pg. 25) before a treatment plan for schizophrenia would begin. According to NIMA.Gov (2013) it has been long known that schizophrenia can be inherited, that there are several genes associated with the disease (Pg. 1) resulting in treatments being based upon eliminating the patients symptoms by using medications such as antipsychotic medications to help normalize the biochemical imbalances, controlling hallucinations, delusions and confusion, along with supportive therapies (Grohol, J., 2011, Pg. 1). ReferencesCherry, K. (2013). Humanistic Psychology. Retrieved 2/19/2013, from http//psychology.about.com/od/historyofpsychology/a/hist_humanistic.htm?p=1 Galica, J. (2013). Behavioral/Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. Retrieved 2/19/2013, from http//www.theravive.com/research/Cognitive-Behavioral_Therapy Grant, S. (n.d.). Introducti on and Methods of Research. Retrieved 2/19/2013, from http//www.csun.edu/hcpsy002/psy310_Nevid_cho1_Lecture_Handout.pdf Grazer, B. (Producer) & Howard, R. (Director). (2001). A Beautiful Mind Motion picture. United States Universal. Grohol, J. (2011). Psych key schizophrenia Treatment. Retrieved 2/19/2013, fromhttp//psychcentral.com/disorders/sx31t.htm Kearney, C., & Trull, T. (2012). Abnormal Psychology and Life A Dimensional Approach. Belmont, California Wadsworth. McLeod, S. (2007). Psychology Perspectives. Retrieved 2/18/2013, from http//www.simplypsychology.org/perspective.html Saunders, L. (2011). The Psychodynamic Model of Abnormality. Retrieved 2/19/2013, from http//alevelpsychology.co.uk/as-psychology-aqa-a/psychology/the-psychodynamic nimh.gov (2013). What Causes Schizophrenia?. Retrieved 2/19/2013, from http//www.nimh.gov/health/publications/schizophrenia/what-causes-schizophrenia.sht

Rehabilitation Of Adolescent Sexual Offenders

Juvenile delinquency is change magnitudely becoming a major concern in society. The involvement of the spring chicken in criminal activities has taken its toll as they get more(prenominal) exposure to violence through the media and peer find out. An emerging trend in this home is adolescent internal offences among teenagers (Hardill, et al, 2001, 59). However, addressing this issue calls for a comprehensive approach that takes into account the various forms of internal offences and the wide range of contributing agentive roles.The paper explores the application of the wheel around of Ab enforce Theory in working with adolescent sexual offenders. The Cycle of Abuse is a social theory formulated by Lenore Walker in 1970 to explain the inherent patterns observed in an abusive relativeship (Walker, 2000, 204). The theory of The Cycle of Abuse stipulates that abusive relationships are often cyclic, i. e. they take place in a recurring pattern. The theory identifies three stages o r phases of clapperclaw. While these phases do not necessarily follow a linear and definite predictable pattern, they more or less exhibit the following phenomenologyPhase sensation- normalcy. At first, everything seems to be fine. This is normally during the initial stages of a relationship, when both parties show genuine commitment to the relationship. In fact, the stage is similarly referred to as the h starymoon period. However, as time goes by, oneness partner, especially the abhorrencer, adopts a negative attitude. In some cases, an undesirable character trait previously restrained, such being short tempered or a predilection to violence begins to emerge. Phase two- Tension building.The atmosphere in the relationship tends to be strained, making mutual interaction between both parties characteristically cold, constrained and generally ineffective. Signs of tension include poor communication, verbal deprave and shifting blames for baby bird mistakes. The situation is s o delicate such that it requires only a slight provocation for the abusers emotions to snap. Phase three- explosion. This is the point at which the actual abuse takes place. The abusers violent flares are triggered by flimsy excuses, such as the victim being late in preparing dinner (in cases of spouse abuse).However, one limitation of Lenors theory is its emphasis on physical abuse. While physical violence is the common form of abuse, recent studies have indicated that psychological and turned on(p) torture could affect victims even more than the bruises they suffer in physical confrontations. Phase four- reconciliation. After the climax of actual abuse, the abuser takes a reconciliatory stance and apologizes for his/her actions. It is characterized by promises that it will not be repeated, and they might go an extra mile to please the victim- buying them gifts or taking them out.As the last phase of the cyclic phenomenon, the justificative and the friendly mood displayed by the abuser persuades the victim to forget the abuse and consequently, the relationship returns to a state of normalcy. An adolescent sexual offender is defined as a youth, from puberty to the legal age of majority, who commits any sexual act with a person of any age, against the victims will, without consent, or in an aggressive, exploitive or exist manner (Tolan and Cohler, 1993, 115). However, dealing with cases of new-made offenders is complicated due to popular ideologies that make young offenders victims of circumstances.For instance, rape in some cases is rationalized on the precipice that boys-will-be-boys and punished by a slap on the hand and admonitions to behave, while cases of teens sexually molesting children are euphemized as curiosity or experimentation, and many sexual offenses termed as adolescent adjustment reactions (Ryan et al, 1987). Consequently, the also-ran to clearly identify a juvenile as a sex offender has led to a tendency to ignore early warning symptoms and the unnatural nature of sexual assaults by teenagers (Ryan, et al, 1987). nary(prenominal)etheless, adolescent sexual offences continue to rise and its effects are plainly as far-reaching as those perpetrated by adults are. This has led to increasing concerns on teenage behaviors in relation to sexual crimes. What is not lost to both sides of the argument, however, is the fact that behavioral tendencies exhibited in childhood will continue into adulthood if no hinderance measures are taken to change these habits. In working with adolescent sexual offenders towards their rehabilitation, intervention measures aims to achieve behavioral change and minimizing situations that could lead to abuse.At the same(p) time, rehabilitation attempts to cut the cyclic pattern to avoid repetition of the same offences. In this regard, the Abuse Cycle Theorys relevance is in its apprehension of the recurrent nature of abuse. Research studies have shown that for the victims of abuse, the abuse may produce either a learned helplessness or a repetitive belligerence (Ryan et al, 1987). In addition, the theory identifies the various factors that promote abuse such as attitude, as well as the various forms the abuse could take.In the case of sexual offenses, abuse is not special to actual acts of forced sex alone, but includes other forms such as fondling of the victims private parts. APPLICATION OF THE roast CYCLE THEORY Adolescent sexual offences assume a cyclic pattern. It begins in early childhood among boys with voyeuristic behaviors from ages five to seven, including attempts to their grandmother and mother utilise the bathroom or taking showers (Sandy, 1987). The unusualness of this behavior is because the minors interest in nudity underlies sexual motives or desires.The report in The International Journal on adolescent sexual offenders says that it could be only normal if they involve the curiosity of an 18 to 30-month-old who is interested in learning how adults d o everything from baking cookies to driving the car, and including use of the bathroom (Ryan et al 1987). However, the habits should subside at age five, for by then the child has learned bathroom manners. The gravitation toward sexual violence among young boys begins at this stage, when their consciousness could direct their behaviors with some ulterior motives.In the context of the Cycle of Abuse Theory, this could be a calm stage, but there is a building up of tension- the sexual desires exhibited by the minors obsession to see nude females. In a case field on juvenile sexual offences, one respondent, a minor on a rehabilitation program, confessed that it started with observing the babysitter having sex with her boyfriend, and it was followed with a habit of assaulting girls in the school grounds, with a motivation to actually frighten, control, and degrade them (Huttenlocker, 2007). The next phase in a minors progression towards sexual violence sets in even as early as nine ye ars.Very conscious that what they are doing is inappropriate, they make their acts to look like accidental incidences. A teenage boy under a juvenile program give tongue to that his first intrusive behaviors began with a desire to touch female private parts when playing in crowds, and secretly watching out for girls. It marked the kickoff of his conscious motives to stalk girls, leading to his cyclic sexual violence. It soon developed into an aggressive form of harassment, at age 11, which involved grabbing the chests and butts of female classmates, threatening them with sexual acts (Ryan, et al, 1987).By the time he was 12, he had identified four girls whom he would continually harass by touching their genitalia. The Cycle of Abuse Theorys report of the different forms that an abuse could take reflects the minors habit to send obscene messages and making calls to his victims. In this regard, a comprehensive preaching therapy for young sexual offenders should take an approach th at addresses the various stages of the abuse cycle. Since the abuse itself takes different forms, the treatment therapy should be multifaceted in its approach, addressing the following issues.Sex Education The initial stages of sexually worthless behaviors are characterized with an aspect of ignorance. In this light, it is vital to equip minors with information about sexual behaviors, which could slip off into violent, abusive habits. A look for study by the National Clearinghouse on Sexual Violence reports that lack of knowledge and appropriate information regarding sexual behaviors contributes greatly to sexual offenses. Accordingly, there is wish to deliver education courses in school with a focus on positive sexuality, addressing the issues of consent, equality and coercion (Kaplan et al, 1988, 190).It should also include learn sexual assault victims shipway of resolving their feelings concerning the abuse, in order to minimize their chances of becoming future offenders. T he motive for revenge is identified in the Cycle of Abuse Theory as one factor that compels abusers to mistreat their victims. Likewise, sexually assaulted children are likely to find an emotional outlet by violating others. Abuse of Trust and Power As noted before, sexually abused children could avenge their experiences on others.To avoid such occurrences, it calls for exemplary behaviors on the part of adults who relate and interact with young children. When adults, especially pedophiles, abuse their power and the sureness of children to exploit them sexually, they sow seeds of hatred, rejection and a desire to hit out at others. Such perpetrators often try to escape accountability for exploiting their relationship of trust with a child or adolescent on flimsy excuses such as I was drunk when I did it or It is normal for children to be sexual- I was teaching her about sex (Duncan, 14).Abuse of children by adults could also shape their mentality as a way of expressing their domina nce. This poses the danger of conditioning their notions about sex as a way to accomplish masculinity and overcome experiences of powerlessness (Ritcher, et al, 2004, 104). Joint work and Relapse Prevention This is the most crucial part as it involves helping the ex-abusers to be assimilated into a normal social life as well as preventing them from slipping back to their offensive behaviors.It includes various therapies such as young mentoring, in-home family therapy, merciful sexuality education, parent support groups and safe-out of home placement in the community (Marsh and Fristad, 330). It helps the recovering patients to develop coping skills and relapse-prevention mechanisms to enable them assume normal lives. Previous research studies which sought to find out the motivational drive of sexually aggressive behaviors in men, have established a tendency of being compelled by the stir to meet sexual desires (Lenn, 1994).Snell et al (1992) reported sexual compulsivity, similar t o a research by Exner et al (1992), which noted lack of sexual control as the major cause of uncontrolled sexual activity. In this regard, it is therefore imperative to educate ex-offenders on ways to overcome their sexual drives, which nearly always culminates in rape and other sexual offences (Erooga and Masson, 1999, 27). In Understanding and Diagnosing Sex Addiction, John Schneider identifies compulsive sexual behaviors as addictive disorders like those of drug abuse (Schneider 2004 198).This insight helps in singling out incidences of juvenile sexual offences that result as the abusers inability to resist psychological and physical sex drives. It is all-important(prenominal) to distinguish victims of circumstances and situation from out-right perpetrators, to design appropriate treatment therapies. Nonetheless, a very crucial aspect of rehabilitating juvenile sexual offenders is widening the scope of treatment to include other factors, which could be directly related to sexual violence. Some studies have shown that there is a correlation between drug use and juvenile sexual offences (OReilly, 2004, 81).In fact, Schneider considers the path to sexual addiction to be similar to that of a drug addict habit developing into a behavior and finally addiction. In light of the tenets of the Cycle of Abuse Theory, this suggests that sometimes individuals could not control their behaviors. Circumstances and the environment could trigger impulsive behaviors that are sexually offensive. For instance, playing in herd grounds offers an opportunity for budding offenders to touch their victims private parts.This is similar to abuses in relationships, where the abusers temper gets triggered by minor incidences such as disagreements. In working with adolescent sexual offenders, it therefore calls for placement programs that remove the abuser from environments that encourage his sexual behaviors. In conclusion, the significance of the Cycle of Abuse in relation to working w ith adolescent sexual offenders lies in its emphasis on the gradual progression towards violent actions, its cyclic nature as well as its change forms.First, it highlights the importance of identifying juvenile sexual offences in their budding stages to avoid their development into high tension stages where the offender is vulnerable to acting out their sexual desires. It also avoids further offensive behaviors and helps to bring them back into the community. The theorys reference to the recurrent nature of abuse indicates that juvenile offenders are likely to re-offend, hence the need for relapse-prevention measures. The socio-cultural environment within which adolescent sexual offenders operate could also encourage their behaviors.This observation stems from the theorys tension and explosion stages, which indicate that an external triggering factor is necessary to push the abuser towards actual confrontation. In this light, it is necessary to evaluate sexual offenses in the conte xt of family environment and the impact it could have had in the pliant aspects of the offenders personal development (Marshall, 1998, 360). Behavior alone should not be the standard of labeling a person, but it should as well include factors that influence character development.Equally, cultures that promote male sexual aggressiveness as a desirable quality for men should be discouraged. Secondly, sexual offenses are not limited to actual cases of rape or molestation, but could take various forms such as verbal harassment, voyeurism and exposure of ones private parts. Nonetheless, as in physical and psychological abuse witnessed in relationships, all forms of sexual offenses are significantly harmful to the victim. This is because they have far-reaching effects on the victim, such as fearing the paired sex even in adulthood, low self-esteem and negative attitude towards relationships.Lastly, relapse-prevention measures should be designed to achieve long-term goals of permanently changing the offenders sexual behavior. Since sexual offenses by adolescent could be an overt manifestation of character traits, rehabilitation measures ought to extend beyond short-term therapies designed to treat immediate symptoms. To this end, then, working with adolescent sexual offenders is not only a correction of behavior, but a re-creation of character as well. Reference List Crinson, I. 2009. wellness Policy A Critical. SAGE Publications Ltd, New York. Duncan, K. A.2004. Healing from the trauma of childhood sexual abuse the journey for women. Greenwood Publishing Group, New York. Erooga M. , Masson, H. C. 1999. Children and young people who sexually abuse others challenges and responses. Routledge, New York Hardill I. , et al. 2001. Human geography of the UK An introduction. Routledge, New York Huttenlocker, M. 29 July 2007. Adolescent Sex Offenders. Adolescent Sex Offenders. EzineArticles. com. 6 May. 2010 Kaplan, M. S. , Becker, J. V. , Cunningham-Rathner J.1988. Cha racteristics of Parents of Adolescent Incest Perpetrators Preliminary Findings, Journal of Family Violence, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 189-90. Marsh D. T. , Fristad, M. A. 2002. handbook of serious emotional disturbance in children and adolescents. John Wiley and Sons, New York Marshall, W. L. 1998. Sourcebook of treatment programs for sexual offenders. Springer, New York OReilly, G. 2004. The handbook of clinical intervention with young people who sexually abuse Psychology Press, New York. Ritcher, L. , et al. 2004. Sexual abuse of young children in southern Africa.HSRC Press, London. Ryan G. , Lane S. , Davis, J. , et al. (1987). S. Juvenile sex offenders developing and correction. The International Journal, 11 (3), Pages 385-395. . Schneider, J. , P. 2004. Understanding and diagnosing sex addiction Handbook of addictive disorders a practical guide to diagnosis and treatment. John Wiley and Sons, New York Tolan P. H. , Cohler, P. J. 1993. Handbook of clinical research and practice with adolescents. ohn Wiley and Sons, New York. Walker, L. 2001. The battered woman syndrome. Springer Publishing Company, New York. .

Preparing To Conduct Business Research Essay

IntroductionIn withdrawing business investigate for the NFL organization instruments to collect data and conduct interviews get out need to be used. The appropriate have and research methods ordain as well be discussed for this research process. The NFL organization will see great benefits from conducting this research to reach the right conclusions about the problems they argon facing as of late with their players violating the leagues ad hominem conduct and substance abuse policies (2014 NFL Fines/suspensions Tracker, 2014). Their players have also been a part of many domestic violence arrests. (Morris, 2014). taste/Research MethodsFor this particular research, this study will require purposive sampling. The participants will have to be chosen arbitrarily for their unique characteristics, experiences, attitudes, or perceptions. Then as conceptual or theoretical categories of participants develop during the interview process, impertinently participants will be sought out to ch everyenge emerging patterns (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). The first two groups will have to be NFL players who have a history of being involved in personal conduct and substance abuse violations, and those who do not. Individual interviews will have to be conducted face to face during the players practices or other down time they may have.If they choose to participate in the study, individual interviews will allow each player to feel much comfort suitable sharing truthful information about themselves and their possible involvement in personal conduct and substance abuse violations. The interviews will be semi-structured in nature because semi-structured interviews develop a dialog between interviewer and participant, and use the skill of the interviewer to extract more data and a greater variety of data, and poop achieve greater clarity and elaboration ofthe participants answers (Cooper & Schindler, 2014).Instruments to Use to Collect Qualitative learningThe instrument that wil l be used to collect this qualitative information will be survey via personal interview. This is because the depth and detail of information that can be secured is greater. The interviewer has the ability to improve the quality of information collected with this technique over any other methods. This is because the interviewer has the ability to observe the participants and see if they are having a hard time understanding questions and make it so that the participants can relate to them and feel more comfortable overall responding to them considering the nature of the questions that the NFL players will be respond (Cooper & Schindler, 2014).Appropriate Sample MethodThe appropriate sample method for this research is a probability sampling because personal records of the players are already on single file and they can choose narrow down the candidates for the survey to determine the best ones. Although with all the care taken for the survey some people will drivel to participate (C ooper & Schindler, 2014). Due to players refusing to participate sampling error is likely to rise and the researchers would take that into account when determining the sample method (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). try out FrameThe sampling frame that would be used for this research study would be drawn from the roosters of the current players that are currently held by the coaches. To increase the sampling group this would also include previous players that had been involved with the league (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). The researchers would pull from a larger population and then use a screening procedure to eliminate those who are not members of the group that the team wishes to study (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). Players have been accused of the infraction in the past or currently have a case unfinished will not be included in the survey. The players will be assigned numbers and chosen at random to be surveyed.Appropriate Sampling surfaceHow large a sample should be is a function of the variation in thepopulation parameters under study and the estimating precision needed by the researcher (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). Due to the variance that could arise within the population the sample of the research would need to be larger to account for the variance (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). The sampling sizing will also be large due to the smaller error range needed to determine the punishments for the players that commit break the player code of conduct set by the league. Cost considerations would not affect the size of the sampling because the current and former players will not be compensated for their survey.Sample SizeThe sample size regarding this particular experiment will be determined as followed the first sample group will be NFL players known for having a history in being involved in personal conduct and substance abuse violations and the second sample group will be NFL players who do not have a history in either of those regards. As of now in the 2014 season, 41 N FL players have been suspended for substance abuse or personal conduct that can be interviewed in the first group and the remaining 1,655 players to choose from in the second group (2014 NFL Fines/suspensions Tracker, 2014).Qualitative Methods Being utilizeThe qualitative method being used in the experiment is survey by face-to-face interview. The benefit to a face-to-face interview is being able to observe and record nonverbal as well as verbal communication (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). It is believed that this method will produce the most honest, truthful data and in a study like this it is important to make your samples feel comfortable in opening up.Statistical Tests Being UsedA powerful statistical test is recommended for this experiment. The number of players who have been suspended is too low, so its important to make sure the sample size will give passable data to make the experiment valid against the interviews done in the second group.Results and ConclusionsThe individual s that are in charge of gathering the data that is needed to create new policies for off-field incidences is going to make sure that they get everything they need to make new policies. They are going to want thesenew policies to stay intact and not channelise every year. From the results, the NFL should be able to answer the original research question, What should the off-field punishments be based on what the incident was? In conclusion, the NFL was made aware that the policies for punishment of off-field incidences wasnt strict enough.The NFL had to start by conduction interviews with players that were open to sharing information. The instrument that was used is qualitative information. The appropriate sample method for this research is a probability sampling because personal records of the players are already on file and they can choose narrow down the candidates for the survey to determine the best ones. Once all the information was gathered, the NFL was able to share the data by creating new policies for off-field incidences.References2014 NFL Fines/Suspensions Tracker. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.spotrac.com/fines-tracker/nfl/2014/suspensions/ Cooper, D.R. & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Morris, B. (2014, July 31). The Rate of Domestic Violence Arrests Among NFL Players. DataLab. Retrieved September 26, 2014, from http//fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/the-rate-of-domestic-violence-arrests-among-nfl-players/

Large Parallel Processing Systems Architecture Essay

Today it would be seen as a parallel proces render tile from which to construct big parallel treating dusts. Transputer give c are architectures are now the average watercourse of parallel computer science.It was seen in many different ways, depending on the point of view and cognition of the individual sing it.Where Inmos started from when making the transputer was embodied in the name, derived from trans, intending across, with the postfix puter, from computing machine. The perspective was that applications were progressively affecting flows of informations instead than necessitating more structured activities on predefined sets of informations, as are peculiar(prenominal) of a normal computing machine. This was the thought that was making the digital signal central processing unit ( DSP ) . But where a DSP takes informations in from a beginning, processes it, and passes it on, the transputer had four channels of bi-directional communicating, or links. That made it simple to construct a planar array, each transputer associating to four neighbours.IntroductionThe transputer was an advanced computing machine design of the 1980s from INMOS, a British semiconductive material company based in Bristol. Transputer was the first individual daub computing machine designed for message passing multiprocessor systems.When the transputer was foremost reviled, many thought this exceeding construct should be the succeeding(a) revolution in microprocessor engineering. As you may already hold guessed, things did nt go on as expected today, the transputer this kindle bit has mostly forgotten, but it is indispensable to compose about it on this paper.TRANSPUTER ARCHITECTUREFirst coevals of them are 16 spot transputers T212, T222, T225 ( The 212 ran at 20MHz both the T222 and T225 ran at 20MHz. ) 32 spot transputers without a be adrift whole T400, T414, T425, T426 ( the T414 was available in 15 and 20MHz assortments, T425 in 20, 25 and 30MHz assortments ) 32 spot transputers with a drifting unit T800, T801, T805 ( the T805 was in like manner subsequently available as a 30MHz mint. All have the same direction sets, the same architecture and to the full compatible communications links. Second Generation 64 spot transputer with a drifting unit T9000. Although the architecture is the same, it is a new design and is really more complex bit than its predecessors.All the transputers except T9000 has indistinguishable architecture. The internal autobus connects the processor to local storage and to an external store interface. The communicating links are connected to the coach by an interface. This makes it possible for the processor to work independent of the links. Depending on the type of transputer, the drifting point unit and other system services are besides connected to this coach. In direct1 T805 is the celebrated one. It consists of a conventional, RISC processor, a communicating subsystem, four Kb of on-chip RAM, four high-velocity inter-processor links and a memory interface, system services and a floating point. These functional units will briefly explains in the undermentioned subdivisions.The procedureA procedure on the transputer is described by some(prenominal) pieces of information, such as workspace, registries, plan and precedence. Such a procedure does non hold to be a consecutive procedure but mickle besides bear of several sub procedures.The procedures on the transputer fundament be separated in two classsActive procedures is a procedure which is executed or which is waiting for the chase to be executed.Inactive procedures is a procedure which is suspended at specific clip or which is waiting for inter procedure communicating.2 Registers The transputer has a little designing of registries, a workspace registry ( Wreg ) , an direction arrow ( Iptr ) , an operand registry ( Oerg ) and a three registry rating gage ( Areg, Breg, and Creg ) ( hypertext transfer protocol //books.google.com.qa/bo oks? id=zroYqxO9o3IC & A pg=PA16 & A lpg=PA16 & A dq=Instruction+pointer, operand+register, workspace+register & A source=bl & A ots=fiv2ktQmIW & A sig=AYGCR5W73DgjhP_TsIxyKS6HLkw & A hl=ar & A ei=IeIXS_jgIM2IkAXqo8TjAw & A sa=X & A oi=book_result & A ct=result & A resnum=5 & A ved=0CBwQ6AEwBA v=onepage & A q=Instruction % 20pointer % 2Coperand % 20register % 2Cworkspace % 20register & A f= anomalous ) .The registries Areg, Breg, Creg are used as a stack, instead like early reckoners, to keep intermediate consequences. The registries Areg, Breg and Creg form a stack. Every direction notionally pops off the stack the points that it is traveling to work on, so pushes its consequence bandaging onto the stack. This stack agreement is what allows most of the instruction manual to hold no operands. The agreement is like some programmable reckoner linguistic communications ( though such linguistic communications are much more limited ) hypertext transfer protocol //www.c s.bris.ac.uk/ian/transput/page3.htm, . There is no protection against forcing excessively many values on the stack that it overflows. ( It is left to compilers and assembly codification authors. ) .These characteristics leads to simplified registry connexion, compact instructions, faster register entree.Iptr, Wreg, Oreg These are called consecutive control registries Direction arrow ( Iptr ) , holds the pen of the chase direction. Workspace registry ( Wreg ) , holds the workspace arrow ( Wptr ) which is the reference an country of memory called the local workspace. Operand registry ( Oreg ) , holds the operand for the current direction. It ca nt be straight loaded from ( or stored in ) the informations portion of the memoryDirection SetAll the transputers have the same direction format.Instruction Fetch StateIn order to bring the direction to be executed followingIptr must be selected to infix for the reference coach in which Iptr contains the reference for the following directi on,memory must be selected to the beginning for the information coach since the reference to be executed following which is unplowed in Iptr must loaded on the reference coach,Ireg must be set to the end product finish for the information coach, andthe following reference of the micro-code read-only storage must be set to 0x001 to travel to the direction decode res publica.The specification is given in this province and is described in the micro-code fixed storage at reference 0x000..Direction Decode StateThe contents of four higher spots of Ireg or Oreg 32bit are used to stipulate the following direction to be done. The following reference of the micro-code ROM is so determined conditionally harmonizing to the direction decoded.Instruction Execution StateIf the direction to be executed is finished in one province passage, so the following province will be back to the Instruction Fetch. Alternatively if the direction needs other provinces to finish, so the following reference for the micro-code ROM is an appropriate 1 for the following province.Floating Point Unit of measurement It is about independent of the remainder of the bit. It has its ain internal registries, separate from the registries used by whole number operation.It execute instructions to execute drifting point arithmetic operations, including platitude operation such as add-on or generation, and more complicated operations such as rating of some nonnatural maps like sine or logarithm ( hypertext transfer protocol //books.google.com.qa/books? id=I2TCERgkcCgC & A pg=PA304 & A lpg=PA304 & A dq=floating+point+unit+has+own+stack & A source=bl & A ots=cVSlbfR1Av & A sig=HdSpHb79OdVrp4QfRpkXyso-05I & A hl=ar & A ei=OFUZS5SuMM2TkAXbx4XfAw & A sa=X & A oi=book_result & A ct=result & A resnum=6 & A ved=0CCEQ6AEwBQ v=onepage & A q=floating % 20point % 20unit % 20has % 20own % 20stack & A f=false ) . It has its ain development stack registries FAreg, FBreg, FCreg. There are 53 floating-po int instructions. High degree programming linguistic communication to plan is strongly advised instead than assembly. It bases IEEE criterions for the natation point format, operations and consequences For the 32 spot Numberss 1 spot for mark, 8 spot for advocate, 23 spot for fixed-point part. For the 64 spot Numberss 1 spot for mark, 11 spots for advocate, 52 spots for fixed-point part. It besides supports such consequences Inf ( space ) , NaN ( non a practice and non defined ) .Timers The transputer has two timers, one that gives a tick every microsecond and one that gives a tick every 64 microseconds ( for the 20 MHz T414 ) . This can be considered another incommodiousness because the two timers are associated with a degree of precedence. Low-priority procedures can non utilize the high-resolution timer.This means it can go on that processes run needlessly in high-priority, all because of the fact they have to utilize the high-resolution timer ( hypertext transfer protocol // 74.125.153.132/search? q= amass RID6_SK4ugEJ www.science.uva.nl/mes/psdocs/transputers.ps.gz+The+transputer+has+two+timers & A cd=6 & A hl=ar & A ct=clnk & A gl=qa, Transputer, Jacco de Leeuw Arjan de Mes, October 1992 ) .System Servicess On all INMOS board merchandises the term system services refers to the aggregation of the reset, analyse, and mistake signals.On the IMS B008 the system services for the TRAM in slot 0 can be connected to either the UP system services from another board or the system services controlled by the Personal computer coach interface. System services for the other TRAMs can be connected to the same beginning as TRAM 0 or to the subsystem port of TRAM 0. As shown in the block diagram the vanquish and Subsystem services are brought out to the 37 manner D-type connection leting this hierachy to be extended to multi board systems . ( hypertext transfer protocol //www.classiccmp.org/transputer/documentation/inmos/1861.pdf ) plug in( Communication betwi xt procedures on the transputer is performed by two instructions input message and end product message. The communicating which is supported is a point-to-point, unbuffered message-passing strategy. It therefore requires a handshaking betwixt procedures, which synchronises them. Communications over these links are controlled by independent accountants, which have DMA entree to the transputers memory ) ( hypertext transfer protocol //books.google.com.qa/books? id=6HcBQ67-Fb4C & A pg=PA358 & A lpg=PA358 & A dq=The+INMOS+Link+ % 2BDMA & A source=bl & A ots=esMJ1tFuhv & A sig=7nu_kxm48ARMoIoerKLu4uMhVq8 & A hl=ar & A ei=kmAZS_GjAoqUkAWVpuDQAw & A sa=X & A oi=book_result & A ct=result & A resnum=3 & A ved=0CBUQ6AEwAg v=onepage & A q=The % 20INMOS % 20Link % 20 % 2BDMA & A f=false ) . They are highly flexible and can be used for, interfacing with peripherals utilizing a nexus adapter, an ASIC ( Application specific integrated circuit ) bit can utilize a nexus to read and compose straight into a transputer memory at high velocity, most common to speak to another processor, normally anther transputer.Link CommunicationThe hardware connexion of links is simple, short distances. Linkss are consecutive port. if you see the see to it for each nexus connexion merely two paths are required. In transputer the processor and four links have independent entree to the memory. The processor sets up a nexus and after that it freedom to put to death other codification while dedicated nexus logic handles the communicating. All these four links can be outputting and inputting while the processor is running codification. Of class there may a job with bandwidth when processor and all links entree memory at the same clip.Because the links designed the transputer do non necessitate to be synchronized in order to speak each other.T9000 Second Coevals The T9000 is the in style(p) coevals of Transputers from INMOS. It represents an betterment on the bing coevals of transp uter merchandises in both capableness and public presentation. The T9000 extends the transputer architecture in a figure of ways. The most of import of these is that the T9000 transputer decouples the physiologic connec-tivity of a system from its logical connectivity. Between any two straight connected T9000 transputers.there may be established an about limitless figure ofThe T9000 nexus system besides enables transputers to be connected via a web of C104 package routers which allows practical channels to be established from any transputer to any figure of other transputers. Other extensions of the architec- ture include the sweetening of the procedure theoretical account to supply per-process mistake handling installations and the ability to run plans under memory manage- ment.The T9000 has some ten times the public presentation of a T805. This betterment derives from a assortment of beginnings including the usage of caching, betterments in semiconducting material engineering, a nd a extremely pipelined, superscalar processor . ( hypertext transfer protocol //74.125.153.132/search? q=cache hxPXQT2PHZUJ wotug.ukc.ac.uk/parallel/vendors/inmos/T9000/T9000.ps.Z+T9000+Transputer & A cd=3 & A hl=ar & A ct=clnk & A gl=qa, The, T9000 Transputer ) It has a 32-bit pipelined processor with a 64-bit FPU and 16 Kbytes of cache. There are four bi-directional consecutive informations links and a Virtual Channel Processor ( VCP ) leting efficient T9000-to-T9000 communications. These constituents are have onto a individual incorporate circuit . ( hypertext transfer protocol //hsi.web.cern.ch/HSI/dshs/publications/t9paper/T9paper_3.html, 09 NOV 95, The Application of the T9000 Transputer to the CPLEAR experiment at CERN ) FiguresDecisionMentionsTransputer Application, M.Jane et. , Eds. IOS Press,1992hypertext transfer protocol //www.articlesbase.com/hardware-articles/do-you-know-what-a-transputer-is-305058.html, Do you Know What a Transputer Is? Jan 15th, 2008, Jos Ki rpsttp //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transputer T2 _16-bithypertext transfer protocol //books.google.com.qa/books? id=zroYqxO9o3IC & A pg=PA16 & A lpg=PA16 & A dq=Instruction+pointer, operand+register, workspace+register & A source=bl & A ots=fiv2ktQmIW & A sig=AYGCR5W73DgjhP_TsIxyKS6HLkw & A hl=ar & A ei=IeIXS_jgIM2IkAXqo8TjAw & A sa=X & A oi=book_result & A ct=result & A resnum=5 & A ved=0CBwQ6AEwBA v=onepage & A q=Instruction % 20pointer % 2Coperand % 20register % 2Cworkspace % 20register & A f=false

Zoology

Your friend releases a pair of goldfish from an aquarium into a pond. The fish become long enough to train many two-year-old. Returning to the pond after several years, you set that only drab olive-brown offspring remain from the original brightly colored fortunate parents. Select any factors listed below that would have promoted the survival of olive-brown fish over the brightly colored variety. The fish in the wild spent around of their energy finding food and did not get enough calories to produce color.The somewhat muddy water found in the pond covered the scales, in conclusion making he scales become less colorful. The predators in the pond were mostly largem turn outh bass, which depend heavily on their good color vision to find prey. Although only olive-brown offspring are found, the original parents produced hundreds of gold, red, white and olive-brown offspring among the brown rocky and weedy i shallows of the pond. The largemouth bass work on as a selector, picking out prey that are most visible and obvious.Natural selection Implies that there Is variety and that some of the forms are more neutered than others. In this case, the variety Is color of goldfish offspring and he drab colored fish proved to be more successful in producing young (because they survive to adulthood). If there was no color variation, or If a predator that tended to pick the brightly colored fish was absent, then there would be no innate(p) selection pressure driving the species towards more drab colors. Which of the following facts Is least useful to a taxonomist trying to place animals In the comparable genus?Animals with shared ancestors have more DNA In common than animals that do not share ancestors. DNA contains the genetic Instructions that gulde the formation of traits In an animal. surroundal factors, such as diet or social status whitethorn cause single animal to behave or look quite assorted from another. An animal receives Its DNA from Its ancestors. In order for taxonomists to establish phylogenetic relationships, they have to understand the family tree of an animal. DNA has within Its structure, hints as to ancient branches of an animals family tree. Current behavior or response to the environment are not very useful for determlnlng ancestral lineages. You have probably seen at least one movie where disaffects Invade the country and umans find that their weapons are of little use In defending themselves against alien technology. In the end, the world (usually lead by the USA) has finally fgured out how to adapt kind-hearted technology to defeat the Invaders. In nature we find a similar situation when humans transport an alien (nonnative) species from Its natural ecosystem to a new one.However, unllKe In tne movies, tne orlglnal species In nature frequently looses the war for survival and is overcome by the aliens? Choose the reasons that help explain why an animal species might not survive when n alien species is introduced in to its ecosystem. Animals are adapted only to those pressures and threats that their ancestors experienced over many generations. They can not quickly pitch their anatomy or physiology to answer to a new type of alien attack. Since the alien is new to the ecosystem, there may not be a mechanism (e. g. redator, parasite, competitor) to control the alien species. Therefore, the alien may be able to* quickly increase its numbers, overwhelming resident species. Unlike humans, animals cannot change their behavior or learn how to defend themselves. + An animal may not even recognize that an alien is a threat to its survival until it is too late. Species within an ecosystem that interact with each other co-evolve, that is they are part of the natural selection pressure for each of the co-inhabitants of that particular community. An introduced species has evolved in a completely different environment.If the characteristics of the introduced species are of a type that gives an advantage to the newcomer, then it will out compete others -even to the point of driving others into extinction in some cases. The human population has been rowing rapidly and increasingly impacting our global environment. The impact that a given up person has is directly related to that persons consumption of material goods. So when thinking about world population, we must consider two things the number of people and the heart of material each consumes.The amount of energy used to produce goods and services consumed is one measure of a persons or countrys impact on the global environment (which can be stated in terms of metric tons of carbon emitted ). Using this concept and the approximated numbers for population nd carbon ware per capita (per person) rank Germany,Binomial nomenclature uses a two-part unique name assigned to identify each kind of organism.The two parts of the name are the family and species genus and family family and phylum genus and species names. Charles Darwin publishe d convince evidence of evolution in 1703. 1524. 1859. is the study of the taxonomic classification and evolutionary relationships of living things. Physiology Cytology Entomology Systematics The science of life is called zoology. biology. organic evolution Includes tne concept tnat everything evolved from amoebas. organisms havent changed since their origins. umans evolved from gorillas. organisms change over time.Similarity in feeding habits is good evidence for evolutionary relationships among animals. behavioral patterns a sequence of DNA Put these taxonomic categories in order from the one that is the broadest to the one that is the most specific D-domain,

Cognitive Impairment Screening in Senior Citizens

I told you three times yesterday you had a doctors appointment and that I was waiver to come pick you up. Judy shuffled back to the kitchen to double check her calendar, followed by her daughter. some(prenominal) of them stopped in their tracks, taking in the ransacked kitchen. Her daughter asked what had happened in here, but Judy couldnt answer her. She was beside herself. Who could bring on possibly broken into her home and torn her kitchen apart? Dementia has reared its ugly head. Phil Just wanted to commit for his Reuben. He had been out and about running errands and was very hungry.The young man behind the counter had act to charge his debit phone card more than than a few times, but to no avail the card was denied each time. Phil began to recant his day to himself. Then It dawned on him, he had closed his bank account precisely a few hours before. Phil was rifleting ready to move down to Texas with his son due to his recent diagnosing of Alchemists. Phil was a regula r at the dell and the manager gave him the Reuben on the house. One of the worse things about this crappy disease Is losing the top executive of taking financial aid of myself (Phil Rolled, 2010). Just frustrating for me, not to remember what I submit to do to Just feel like I still can live and take care of myself. This Is a reciprocal frustration expressed by those suffering diseases like dementia and Dementia is a costly disease for the quintuplet million people like Phil and Judy living tit the disease in the United States, for Phil and Judy family, and for the government. Earlier detection and intervention of dementia would bequeath Phil and Judy the time to plan for the future and cling the utmost benefit from avail commensurate treatments.Earlier detection and intervention of the disease would lessen the future financial send on health care. Cognitive mischief screening would ascertain if early intervention is needed. Cognitive impairment screening in senior citiz ens must become practice. Dementia is used as an umbrella destination describing a wide range of symptoms that include a progressive decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily intent. Dementia slowly robs Phil and Judy of their memories. At first, they experience problems with their short-term retrospect such as remembering an appointment.As time passes, the disease steals more and more of the brain. Phil and Judy eventually testament not be able to respond to their environment, nor will they be able to express when they are in pain, or hungry, or thirsty, or when they have to go to the bathroom. A true diagnosis is rare, because dementia affects everyone divers(prenominal)ly. There is no ere. Dementia is considered an old persons disease. Its normal to stymy where you left your keys when youre 65 years old or to forget where you parked the car. Contrary to popular belief, dementia is not a normal part of ageing.Alchemists is the most common shell of deme ntia, but there are many other types. One of the biggest risk factors in ontogeny dementia is a persons age. Unless someone has stumbled onto the fountain of youth, no one can change or mask from their age. Persons age 65 and older have a greater risk of suffering from dementia. Every five years those Hansen double, so by the time Judy is 85 years old her chance is nearly 50 percent. Today, there is an estimated five million people living with a dementia related disease in the United States. (What is Dementia, n. D. With the first wave of Baby Boomers already at age 68, the cost of dementia in 40 years is expected to exceed $1. 2 trillion (Alchemists Fact and Figures, n. D. ). In 2010, the worldwide be associated with dementia equaled one percent of global GAP. One percent doesnt seem like much on a global scale. However, if dementia care was a company Dementia Inc. Loud be considered the worlds largest by annual revenue. (GE Healthcare, 2014) The Alchemists Association predicts the total number of dementia-related cases in the United States will reach 14 million in the year 2050.Our healthcare system and the Medicare program are already strained. As the Baby Boomers get older, are we going to be able to weather the suffocating financial squeeze this disease is going to take a shit? Phials family is lucky to catch the disease before it has progressed too far, his son will be able to take care of him at home until the disease progresses further. The average cost for caring for someone at home is $12,500 per year. As the disease robs Phil of more brain function, more skilled care is required. Families can be billed anywhere from $42,000 to $72,000 per year.Victims and their families can easily deplete their savings on medical care and then(prenominal) turn to Medicare/Medicaid and tax payers to sustain with the remaining costs. Judy may have already passed the opportune time to every stay at home with her daughter or have in-home care and ultimately nee ds to go live either in an assisted living or nursing themselves for the price of skilled care. Senator tom Harkin stated The only way we are truly going to save Medicare from bankruptcy when the baby boomers bother is to reduce the length and incidence of expensive illnesses like Alchemists. Harkin, Chairman of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human go, and Education, and cogitate Agencies recently held a hearing in February of 2014 to inspect the financial impact of Alchemists in America (Bethlehem, 1998). get outd how do we reduce the length of disease that has a difficult diagnosis and no cure in the foreseeable future? We need to be looking at intervention opportunities. All things considered, some will argue that dementia-related diseases are only a small part of a much bigger problem, dismissing the vagary that the disease could bankrupt Medicare. Projections of the frequency of a disease 30 years from now should be taken with a grain of salt, said Gail Wiliness, chairman of the federal Physician Payment Review Commission (Bethlehem, 1998). We dont bonk how the frequency of other disease will rise or fall, and how that will affect longevity. She went on to commemorate the fact that medical research has allowed people to live longer lives and improve quality of fife. However, she questioned whether the research has deliver us any money.Wiliness almost sounds like she is agreeing with another rarely expressed view that concludes if we devote more money and effort into finding a cure for dementia that will only prolong the life of the elderly by a few more years. Crudely put, if you dont die of complications from dementia, youll still die of something else. Understandably, we cant rid of death. That is an inevitable fact of life. If we as a community could act early, if we as a community could provide intervention, what kind of standard would e set for the rest of the nation?Earlier detection of dementia could provide earli er intervention, delay the impact of the disease, and prevent significant health events in the future. Does that process sound known? In 2013, The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends women get a mammogram every 2 years commencement at age 50 to keep proactive about breast crabmeat (Mammograms Fact Sheet). Furthermore, the same task force recommends oscilloscopes in adults beginning at age 50 and keep until age 75 (at different intervals depending on family history) o prevent colon cancer.Curious, I went to the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force website on Recommendations for Adults. I found preventative information on 19 different cancers and 11 different types of boob disease. I found nothing on dementia or Alchemists. Nothing. Alchemists disease is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States (Leading Causes of Death, 2011). The top five include heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, and stroke. All five of those diseases all ha ve preventative measures and are routinely screened for in our annual heck-ups with our doctors.What needs to be addressed though is why there is more preponderance on detecting cancers and heart disease? John Morris, professor of neurology and co-director of the Alchemists disease research warmheartedness at Washington Universitys School of Medicine, believes we should find a way to distinguish between the normal aging process and early dementia and build more interest (Bethlehem, 1998). This is where a cognitive assessment could cooperate bridge that gap. A cognitive assessment is an examination that is used to determine someones level of cognitive function.A throng of 2,719 elderly residents in Almagest County, Minnesota were 2014). The doctors conducting the case knew from earlier studies that elderly residents would sometimes have a cognitive assessment that indicated some impairment, but when examined again later, the impairment had lessened or completely gone away. During this trial, 40% of people with a mild cognitive impairment reverted back to a more normal state. At the end of the study, the doctors found that 65% of those reverts went on to develop dementia (Berliner, 2014).While this study shows that not everyone who has cognitive impairments may o on to develop dementia, the doctors were certainly more aware of any changes. Unfortunately, there isnt one type of assessment test that is better than the others. However, the Alchemists Association website has recommended several cognitive assessment tools that can be performed in less that or around five minutes in a primary care or community setting. Not only are there patient assessment tools, there are origin tools for family members and close friends to use as well. Utilizing these assessments Just once isnt going to do the trick.Then again, imagine f the U. S. frustrative Services Task Force recommended a cognitive assessment screening every two-three years starting at age 65. Cognitive impa irment screening must become practice for senior citizens. The assessments may not garner conclusive data, but over time we will be able to create a clearer picture as to how dementia slowly progresses. From that picture, we will develop earlier intervention techniques to help ease not only the financial strain on Phil and Judy and their families, but ease the frustration mat by dementias victims.

The Guide to the Perfect Date

Kendra Okey The Guide to the Perfect epoch Do you think the perfect picture would be going to taco bell? Or how rough White Castle? The perfect date, as we all know it to be, would not be either of those 2 places. The perfect date would be some intimacy that was heartfelt and was meant to impress your date. The three things that would make the date perfect would be the occasion of the date, the location for the date, and most importantly the confront that was appropriate for the occasion.First, impress your girlfriend/boyfriend by planning the date on a day that has a special meaning to you and your date. Yes, we all go on those little dates with our boyfriend/girlfriend, but the perfect date would be for an event that means something. A special occasion could be an anniversary, Valentines Day, or maybe even a proposal. The second thing that would make the date perfect would be the location of the date. For instance, if you were going out for an anniversary, you would not book your date to White Castle.You would probably take them to a nicer restaurant standardised Applebees or Olive Garden. On the other hand, if you were going to propose to your date, you would probably take them to a really fancy restaurant like Eagles Nest. The third, and most important thing to make a date perfect, would be the gift you get for your date. For example, if you were going out for your both year anniversary, you would probably get your date a notice with a sweet little not inside and a bouquet of flowers.However, if you were going out for your two year anniversary, you would probably surprise her with a card, a bouquet of flowers, and box of chocolate, and maybe even soda pop the question by the end of the night. Now that you know a little about the perfect date, I hope you can impress your girlfriend/boyfriend on your next special occasion. Just mobilise the perfect date is a special date that is meant to impress your girlfriend/boyfriend. Make sure you take them on a special day, take them somewhere that is appropriate, and make sure you bring the perfect gift. If you do these things, you are sure to impress your date.

Lab report Essay

Preparation is a key to success in this science laboratoryoratory. For this reason, you be required to thoroughly read through the experiment information presented in the lab manual, and get along a pre-lab for individu on the wholey experiment you do. The prelab must be completed prior to the solar day of the experiment. Each Friday I allow foring take in to see your completed prelab before I allow you to enter the lab. If you agree not spotless the pre-lab, I will not allow you to enter the lab and you will receive a zero. musical note Your prelab/lab report is to be d unitary in your carbon copy lab notebook (sold in FIU bookstore) A complete pre lab has the following sectionsI. Title of the experimentThis is the name of the experiment as write in your lab manual. (ex. Experiment 1 MEASUREMENTS AND DENSITY DETERMINATION)II. Purpose or Objective (purpose and objective be the same thing) This section should be a couple of sentences SUMMARIZING why you ar doing this ex periment. This must be in your own words. (ex. For your first experiment on meanness determination and measurements your objective would be both(prenominal)thing like To pop off familiar with scientific measurements and the importance of recording measurements accurately and precisely. Also, to explore the concept of density, mass , and volume.)III. IntroductionIn this section, in your own words you should discuss the important concepts of the lab. You should try to make this section flow from mavin concept to the next. You should make sure to include any important formulas mentioned in your lab manual for that specific experiment. (ex. A good way to organize an universe for the density determination experiment would be roughlything on the lines of Experimental sciences such as chemistry, use measurements to quantify information about the physical world. Density, which shows the relationship mingled with the mass of an object and its volume is an example of one such conce pt. The formula used to calculate the density of an object is D=M/V. ) **What I want you to pay attention to in the to a higher baseexample is that I urinate extracted information from the lab manual and condensed it into a logical paragraph that explains some of the important concepts. Notice that I did not include any fluff (useless information to make my introduction longer.) Remember that there is no minimal length for any of your sections so you dont have to worry about adding in anything that is not pertinent to the lab (unless you actually want to include some background info to help develop your ideas.)IV. ProcedureThis section should be concise. List each stones throw of the procedure in either numbered format or you can use bullet points. Remember to endlessly use PASSIVE language when writing lab reports. Never use I placed HCl into a 50mL beaker, instead say 50 mL HCl was placed in a 50 mL beaker. (ex.1. flop a 50mL beaker with deionized water2. Into a 50mL beaker , add 2mL HCl etc.you get the point. )Tip If you look at your lab notebook, you will notice that there is a line down the middle of the page. When writing your procedure it is in your surpass interest to list your procedure on the left side (leaving a space between each step) so that you can list observations on the right side of the page when youre performing the experiment, however, this is exclusively a suggestion and not a requirement. V. DataAs disrupt of your pre-lab you must have all data tables already copied into your lab notebook. These tables have already been provided for you in your lab manual, so all you are required to do is copy them (neatly please) directly into your notebook. Recap In order to be let into the lab you must have completed your pre-lab. Your pre-lab consists of the following five sections listed above (title, purpose, introduction, procedure and all data tables provided for you in the lab manual.) Remember that after you complete the experiment and you have recorded all of your data, you must complete the following sections calculations (if any), discussion, and results. Check your lab manual for more information on what to include in these sections. venture lab instructionsOnce you have completed an experiment you must complete a lab report. A complete lab report consists of the sections you completed as part of your prelab and a few additional sections which I will detail below. Lab reports are due exactly one week from the day you complete the lab. If you are making up a lab, your lab report is still due one week from the day YOUR LAB SECTION completed the lab. If you have any questions about this, please ask me All labs must be turned in by 6 pm. If you choose to turn in your lab after class you have to get it time stamped from the stock room before you place it in my mailbox. If you fail to get it time stamped, I will consider it late and points will be deducted accordingly. Post lab sections to be completed after you have done the lab VI. CalculationsYou will have to do calculations for some if not all of your experiments. If they are required, your lab manual will let you know. VII. backchat (a.k.a conclusion)This is the most important section of your lab report. In this section you should discuss and tie together the concepts and surmisal discussed in the introduction. This section should include the results of your experiment, a brief discussion of any graphs you had to generate, identity of your unknown (if applicable) etc. Make sure to explain if these were the results you expected and why. If not, list possible sources of error. REMEMBER there is no minimum length required so you can make this section as long or swindle as you find necessary to cover all the important aspects of your experiment. If you need help with any part of your lab report please email me or come see me during help hour. Im here to help you and I want you all to do well in this lab

Business Payment Methods Essay

At this fourth dimension of building my business I need to consider the ways in which I will have my customers to pay for the books that they buy from my book store. Today there are a full(a) array of defrayment solutions available for any buyer of goods and services and to buy books, almost all modes of payment available chiffonier be handlingd by the customer whether it is electronically or by direct use of dining table at the shop or by paying in cash. If the customer is regular and can be trusted or is a regular bulk customer, check payments can also be accepted.In view of the competitions in the sale of books I have to take some element of risk in this regard in keeping with the business practices. For direct sales at the store a abundant choice of payments are available to the customer. He can pay directly in cash or by credit or debit card. I believe cash payment has the least hassles relevant as the money has already come in the moment a sale is done. In the ase of d ebit and credit cards a wide margin has to be provided for without any applicable discounts since a office of the sale amount has to be given to the financial designs as part of the applicable commission for use of their services.The business of electronic payments is growing rapidly in view of the convenience involved and a wide array of payment options are available which are acceptable in the case of my book store. In addition to the tradition card payments other options are also cceptable to me such as mail order, online payments, acquiring bank payments and through payment bureaus.I understand that as long as a sale is taking place I can accept 2 any of these payment modes provided the financial institution is reputed to make fast payments and is reliable for its transparency in fair dealings. In such cases I whitethorn have to reduce my margins a little, but that is ok since most businesses work on volumes and hence I can make up on the low margins.

Night World : Soulmate Chapter 14

Stay hither, Rashel said sharply, but Hannah ran with the rest of them toward the seem of the house. Shecould list a uncivilized snarling and barking sur casefulside-a in truth familiar sort of reasoning(a).Nilsson and the different CIA guys were running approximately. They looked grim and efficient, moving fast but non frantic eachy. Hannah realized that they knew how to do this sort of amour.She didnt debate Lupe.The snarling outside got louder, building to a volley of short barks. at that place was a yelp-and then ascrambling noise. After a moment of silence there came a sound that lifted the hair on Hannahsforearms-a wild and eerie and beautiful sound. A wolf howling. Two other wolf utterances joined the first,chording, rising and falling, interweaving with each other. Hannah gear up herself gasping, her entire skinshivering. Then there was virtuoso long sustained note and it was over.Wow, the tiny blond called Gillian whispered.Hannah rubbed her bare arms catchy.Th e front door easyed. Hannah mat up herself looking toward the ground, but nothing four-legged came in.Instead it was Lupe and two guys, all disheveled, flushed, and grinning.It was just some scouts, Lupe said. We ran them off.Scouts from Maya? Hannah said, feeling a tightness in her stomach. It really was true, then. Maya wastrying to storm the house to pull in to her.Lupe nodded. Itll be okay, she said close gently. only if I think all of you better stay inside today. Youcan watch movies or play games in the game room.Hannah spent the day talking with the Circle Daybreak members. The more she found out about them,the more she kindredd them. Only one thing made her uncomfortable. They all appeared to put rearward to her-as if,somehow, they expected her to be wiser or better because of her former lifetimes. It was embarrassing,because she knew she wasnt.She try to keep her mind off Thierry and Maya. alone it wasnt easy. That night she found herself walking restlessly th abou t the house. She wound up in a puny anteroom on the second floor that looked d experience on the enormous living room.Cant relax?The unoccupied murmur came from behind her. Hannah turned to see Ash, his lanky elegant consistence proppedagainst a wall. His eyeball looked silver-tongued in the dimly lit room. no really, Hannah admitted. I just wish theyd find Thierry. Ive got a naughtily feeling about it.They stood for a moment in silence. Then Ash said, Yeah, its hard to be without your soulmate. at one timeyouve found them, I mean.Hannah looked at him, intrigued. The way he said thatShe spoke hesitantly. This morning Thea said you were all here because you had human soulmates.He looked across the room at French doors that led to a balcony. Yes?And-well by chance shes dead, Hannah thought suddenly. Maybe I shouldnt ask. And youwant to know where mine is, Ash said. I didnt mean to pry.No. Its okay. Ash looked out at the evil beyond the French doors again. Shes waiting-I want. Ive got some things to put right before I see her.He didnt seem scary allmore, no matter how his eyes changed. He seemed-vulnerable.Im incontestable she is waiting, Hannah said. And Ill bet shell be glad to see you when youve put thingsright. She added quietly, I know Ill be glad to see Thierry.He glanced at her, startled, then smiled. He had a very nice smile. Thats true, youve been in her shoes, buildnt you? And Thierrys certainly tried to make up for his past. I mean, hes been doing good worksfor centuries. So perchance theres hope for me after all.He said it almost mockingly, but Hannah caught an odd glistening in his eyes. Youre standardized her, youknow, he added abruptly.Like my-like Mary-Lynnette. Youre both wise.Before Hannah could think of something to say to that, he nodded to her, straightened up, and went blanket into the hallway, whistling softly through his teeth.Hannah stood alone in the dim room. For some reason, she felt better suddenly. More optimistic aboutt he future.I think Ill be able to sleep tonight. And tomorrow, maybe Thierry will be here.She clamped down hard on the rush of hope that filled her at the thought. Hope and concern. Afterall shed said to him, she couldnt be absolutely sure how Thierry would conform to her. What if he doesntwant me after all? Dont be silly. Dont think about it. Go outside and agitate a breath of air, and then go tobed.Later, of course, she realized just how stupid she had been. She should have known that acquire a breathof fresh air only led to one thing in her life. except at the moment it seemed like a good idea. Lupe hadwarned her not to open any outside doors-but the French doors only led to a second-floor balconyoverlooking the backyard. Hannah opened them and stepped out.Nice, she thought. The air was just cool enough to be pleasant.From here she could look across unlighted stretches of grass to flood-lit palm trees and softly splashingfountains. Although she couldnt see Thierrys people, sh e knew they were out there, stationed virtually thegrounds, watching and waiting. Guarding her. It made her feel safe.Nothing can get to the house with them around it, she thought. I can sleep just fine.She was about to turn and go back inside when she heard the scratching.It came from to a higher place her. From the roof. She glanced up and got the infract of this particular lifetime.There was a bat hanging from the roof.A bat. A bat.A huge bat. Upside down. Its leathery opaque wings were wrapped around it and its small red eyes shoneat her with reflected percipient.Wild thoughts tumbled through Hannahs mind, all in a fraction of an instant. Maybe its a decorationno, idiot, its alive. Maybe its somedead body to guard me. God, maybe its Thierry.But all the while, she knew. And when the instant of paralysis passed and she could command her bodyagain, she sucked in a deep breath to scream an alarm.She never got the chance to make a sound. With a noise like an umbrella opening, t he bat unfolded itswings suddenly, displaying an amazingly large span of black membrane.At the same moment something like sheet lightning seemed to hit Hannah, a blinding surge of pure cordialenergy. She saw stars, and then everything faded to darkness.Something hurt.My head, Hannah thought slowly. And my back. In fact, she hurt all over. And she was blind-or she hadher eyes shut. She tried to open them andnothing changed. She could feel herself blinking, but she could only see one thing. Blackness. Utter,complete blackness. She realized then that shed never seen real darkness before. In her bedroom atnight there was always some easy light showing at the top of her curtains. Even outdoors there wasalways moonlight or starlight, or if it were cloudy, the reflection of human lights, however faint.This was different. This was solid darkness. Hannah imagined she could feel it pressing against her face,weighing down on her body. And no matter how wide she opened her eyes or how fixedly she stared,she couldnt see even the slightest twinkling breaking it.I will not panic, she told herself.But it was hard. She was fighting an instinctive fear, hardwired into the brain since before the stone Age.All humans panicked in complete blackness.Just breathe, she told herself firmly. Breathe. Okay. Now. Youve got to get out of here. First things first. atomic number 18 you hurt?She couldnt tell. She had to shut her eyes in order to sense her own body. As she did, she realized thatshe was sit up, instinctively huddling into herself to keep safe from the darkness.Okay. I dont think youre hurt. Lets try standing up. Very slowly.That was when the real shock came.She couldnt stand up.She couldnt.She could move her arms and even her legs. But when she tried to lift her body, even to shift viewslightly, something bit into her waist, keeping her immobile.With a crawling feeling of horror, Hannah put her hands to her waist and felt the rough texture of round.Im tied. Im tied. The re was something hard against her back. A tree? Her hands flew to feel it. No, not a tree-tooregular. Tall, but squarish. A post of some kind.The rope seemed to be wound many times around her waist, tightly enough that it constricted herbreathing a little. It bound her securely to the post. And then it fastened supra or far behind hersomewhere-she couldnt find any knots with her fingers.It felt like very strong, very toughened rope. Hannah knew without question that she wasnt going to be ableto wiggle out of it or untie it.The post seemed very sturdy, too. The ground under Hannah was dirt and rock.Im alone, she thought slowly. She could hear her own gasping breath. Im all alone and Im tied herein the dark. I cant move. I cant get away.Maya put me here. She left me to die all alone in the dark.For a while, then, Hannah simply lost control. She screamed for help and heard her voice echo oddly.She pulled and twisted at the rope with her fingers until her fingertips were raw. She threw her wholebody from one side to the other, trying to loosen the rope or the post, until the pain in her waist made herstop. And finally she gave in to the galloping fear inside her and sobbed out loud.She had never, ever, felt so emaciate and alone.In the end, though, she cried herself out. And when shed gasped to a stop, she found that she couldthink a little.Listen, girl. Youve got to get a grip. Youve got to help yourself, because theres nobody else to do it.It wasnt the cool wind voice or even the crystal voice-because they were both just part of her now. Itwas Hannahs own mental voice. She had accepted all her past selves and their experiences, and in returnshe felt she could call on at least some of their wisdom.Okay, she thought grimly. No more crying. telephone. What can you tell about your situation?Im not out in the open. I know because theres no light at all and because of the way my voice echoed.Im in a heroic room or something. Its got a high ceiling. And the floor i s rock.Good. Okay, do you hear anything else?Hannah listened. It was hard to concentrate on the silence around her-it made her own breathing andheartbeat seem terrifyingly loud. She could feel her nerves stretch and fray but she held on, ignoringher own noises and trying to reach out into the darkness with her ears.Then she heard it. Very far away, a sound like a faucet drip mold slowly.What the hell? Im in a big black room with a rock floor and a leaky faucet.Shut up. Keep concentrating. What do you smell?Hannah sniffed. That didnt work, so she took long breaths through her weave, ignoring the pain as hermidsection pressed against the rope.Its musty in here. Dank. It smells damp and cold.In fact, it was very cold. Her panic had kept her fiery before, but now she realized that her fingers wereicy and her arms and legs were stiff.Okay, so what have we got? Im in a big black refrigerated room with a high ceiling and a stone floor.And its musty and damp.A cellar? A cellar without wi ndows?But she was just fooling herself. She knew. The skin of her face seemed to sense the impel of tons ofrock above her. Her ears told her that that musical dripping was water on rock, very far away. Her nosetold her that she wasnt in any building. And her fingers could feel the natural irregularity of the groundunderneath her.She didnt want to believe it. But the knowledge crowded in on her, inescapable.Im in a cave.A cave or a cavern. Anyway, Im inside the earth. God knows how deep inside. Deep enough and farenough that I cant see any light from an entrance or vent hole.Very deep inside, her heart told her.She was in the loneliest place in the world. And she was going to die here.Hannah had never had claustrophobia before. But now she couldnt help feeling that the mass of rockaround and above her was trying to crush her. It could fall in at any minute, she thought. She felt a animal(prenominal) pressure, as if she were at the bottom of the ocean. She began to have trouble breat hing.She had to get her mind off it. She refused to turn into that screaming, gibbering thing in the darknessagain. Worse than the thought of dying was the thought of going insane down here.Think about Thierry. When he finds out youre missing hell start looking for you. You know that. And hewont give up until he finds you. But Ill be dead by then, she thought involuntarily. This time, instead offear, the idea of her death brought a strange poignant loneliness.Another life where I missed him, she thought. She blinked against tears suddenly. Oh, God. Great.Its so hard. So hard to keep hoping that someday its going to work out. But Ill meet him again in mynext life. And maybe I wont be so stupid then I wont fall for Mayas tricks.Itll be harder for him, I guess. Hell have to wait and get through the years day by day. Ill just go tosleep and in the end wake up somewhere else. And then someday hell come for me and Ill call . .. and then well start all over.I really did try this time, Th ierry. I did my best. I didnt mean to mess things up. announce me youll lookfor me again. Promise youll find me. I promise Ill wait for you. No matter how long it takes. Hannah shuther eyes, tilt back against the post and almost unconsciously touching the ring hed given her. Maybenext time shed remember it.Suddenly she didnt feel sad or afraid anymore. Just very tired.Eyes still shut, she grinned weakly. I feel old. Like Moms always complaining she feels. Ready to turnthis old body in and get a newThe thought broke off and disappeared.Was that a noise?Hannah found herself sitting up, leaning forward as far as the rope would allow, straining her ears.She thought shed heard yes. There it was again. A solid echoing sound out in the darkness.It sounded like footsteps. And it was coming closer.Yes, yes. Im rescued, Im saved. Hannahs heart was pounding so hard that she could hardly breathe toyell. But at last, just as she saw a bobbing elevation of light in the blackness, she managed t o get out a hoarsesquawk.Thierry? Hello? Im over hereThe light kept coming toward her. She could hear the footsteps coming closer.And there was no answer.Thierry ? Her voice trailed off.Footsteps. The light was big now. It was a beam, a flashlight. Hannah blinked at it.Her heart was slowly sinking, until it seemed to reach stone.And then the flashlight was right in front of her. It shone in her face, dazzling her eyes. Another lightsnapped on, a small camping lantern. Vision rushed back to Hannah, sending information surging to herbrain.But there was no happiness in it. Hannahs entire body was ice cold now, shivering.Because of course it wasnt Thierry. It was Maya.I hope I didnt disturb you, Maya said.She put down the lantern and what looked like a black backpack. Then she stood with her hands on herhips and looked at Hannah.I will not cry. I wont give her the satisfaction, Hannah thought.I didnt know vampires could really change into bats, she said.Maya laughed. She looked beautifu l in the pool of lantern light. Her long black hair fell in waves aroundher, hanging down her back to her hips. Her skin was milky-pale and her eyes looked dark andmysterious. Her laughing mouth was red.She was wearing designer jeans and high-heeled snakeskin boots. Funny, Hannah had never noticed anyof Mayas clothes before. Usually the adult female herself was so striking that it was impossible to focus onhow she was dressed.Not all vampires can shapeshift, Maya said. But, then, Im not like other vampires. Im the first, mydarling. Im the original. And I have to say Im getting really sick of you.The feeling is mutual, Hannah thought. She said, Then why dont you leave me alone? Why dont youleave me and Thierry alone?Because, then, my sweetpea, I wouldnt win. And I have to win. She looked at Hannah directly, herface oddly serious. Dont you understand that yet? she said softly. I have to win-because Ive given uptoo lots to lose. It cant all be for nothing. So winning is all there is.